Recently I started teaching myself Korean cooking and I noticed that one of the core ingredients – Gochujnag – has gluten in it. Gochujang is the Korean chili paste used in several dishes including Bibimbop. I went to many different Asian markets, including the Korean H Mart, and read the labels of every brand. Every single gochujang I saw sold in Seattle has gluten in it. You will likely be getting gluten exposure when ordering any dish at a Korean restaurant that uses chili paste. Sneaky gluten filler is exactly what I discovered when I researched commercial gyro meat.
For this post, I want to thank Gluten-Free Veg-heads UNITE for their post Gluten-Free Victory!! Spicy Korean Bean Paste. They spotted in Wikipedia how commercial production of gochujang took over in the 1970s and this was likely when gluten became a staple ingredient. Probably because it is cheap and acts as a preservative. Why it is there is of no concern to me. The important thing is that I can make my gluten-free version. Using the recipe from Shizouka Gourmet converted by Veg-Heads and then adjusted by me, I made my own.
Ingredients
- 1 1/8 cup water
- 1/2 cup packed brown sugar
- 1/2 cup Korean chili powder
- 1 cup miso paste with no MSG or Gluten
- 1 Tablespoon salt
- 1 teaspoon rice vinegar
Directions
The directions are posted with photos on Korean Cuisine: Home-Made Gochujang. Here is the summary.
- Add water and brown sugar to a pan. Heat until sugar is dissolved.
- Add Miso and keep heating until dissolved. Use a wooden spatula. Keep going until everything is smooth.
- After most of the water has dissolved, add the Korean chili powder and stir.
- When big bubbles start appearing, turn off the heat.
- Let the paste cool and little and then stir in salt and rice vinegar.
- Jar paste. Shizuoka Gourmet says it should be good for a year.
I avoid soy unless it has gone through a fermentation such as miso or natto.
Korean red pepper flakes.
Making the Gochujang.
Finished Gochujang.
I’ve made 3 clay pot dishes using my gochujang. They tasted great and without gluten. My gochujang was a little more on the sweet side than spicy. When I make this again next time, I will increase the amount of chili powder. At some point, if I continue to be interested in Korean cooking, I may ferment my gochujang. Note that the Maangchi tutorial is not gluten-free, so the recipe would need to be adjusted.
UPDATE November 2013: There now exists a commercially available GF gochujang.
dhammy
Oct 20, 2012 — 3:45 pm
Oh man, I love gochujang! There’s always some in my fridge…really good on eggs or burgers or… anything really. The gluten doesn’t bother my system but I still find it annoying that they find it necessary to add it in. Most of the gochujang I’ve seen has high fructose corn syrup in it as well… annoying.
MAS
Oct 22, 2012 — 6:22 pm
@Dhammy – Great ideas. I hadn’t thought about adding it on burgers or eggs. I think I am going to need to make a much larger batch.
liese
Mar 3, 2013 — 7:10 pm
I love Maangchi’s Video’s…
How do you think you could convert her fermentation to be GF?
I was thinking of using Coconut Palm Sugar instead of Brown Sugar. I wonder about the shelf life.
MAS
Mar 3, 2013 — 7:33 pm
@Liese – Maybe replace the barley malt extrct with this?
http://www.briess.com/food/Products/nswss.php
No clue on the shelf life. I am going through this stuff too fast to worry.
David Oliver
Apr 18, 2013 — 8:00 am
I am trying to ferment my own…any words of wisdom?
I followed Maangchi tutorial and currently I have it in a food grade plastic bucket, open to the air in a warm dark place, but it is forming a white mold(?) on top…any thoughts? Her example showed it with a dry crust which mine isn’t forming (it’s been 2 weeks).
MAS
Apr 18, 2013 — 8:14 am
@David – No idea. I decided not to pursue this ferment at this time. Maybe ask Maangchi?
Melissa
May 16, 2013 — 8:39 am
My heart was broken when I bought a giant tub of gojuchang after being gluten free for 6 months. It wreaked havoc on my body, and I thought it was some other snack I’ve been eating at the same time. Listening to a podcast on how gojuchang was made, I was shocked when they said there was MALT powder and wheat that went into it. No wonder! Thank you so much for this resource!!! I’ll have to give it a try, gojuchang is my favorite condiment of ALL time! 🙂
Mark
May 22, 2013 — 12:19 pm
Your recipe produces a gochujang that is soooo much better than the hot pepper paste we’d been buying at H Mart. I’m glad to be rid of the MSG, gluten, unfermented soy, and corn syrup. We make bibimbap at home a couple of times per month and good gochujang is the critical ingredient — the sauce that pulls the whole dish together. I made a few modifications to your recipe. I used Raw Coconut Crystals instead of brown sugar to give a lower glycemic impact. I used No Salt instead of regular salt to keep the sodium content low. Other good salt substitutions might be Himalayan salt, a quality sea salt, or even Raw Coconut Aminos. Finally, I’ll use Raw Coconut Vinegar instead of rice vinegar the next time I make your fabulous recipe. Thanks to you, it’s bibimbap tonight!
CrazyCanuck
Jun 15, 2013 — 8:50 pm
@David you’re suppose to expose it to sunlight of course bring it in if it starts raining. Also you shouldn’t use plastic it can change the way the bacteria ferment, plus plastic can still leech into the sauce.
If you look how Koreans ferment Doenjang it is fermented outside in the sunlight not a dark cool place. Perhaps just changing from food grade plastic container to glass container will help. If you have a little spoilage at the top it’s no big deal you just spoon it out the rest will be ok. I know this because this is what my step mom used to do.
M.Williams
Oct 16, 2013 — 1:16 pm
I have watched my mother make gochujang all of my life. There isn’t any gluten in it? It does include sugar and pureed rice however. I have noticed deviations from traditional recipes in a lot of the shelved retail Korean products. 1/2 of the items don’t even taste close to items made from scratch. No Thanks! Homemade is the way to go!
MAS
Oct 16, 2013 — 1:32 pm
@M.Williams – Homemade gochujang is likely fine. It is the mass produced stuff that is problematic.
Since this post was written, one brand has surfaced that has no wheat in it. I’ll do a post on it later.
Johanna
Feb 8, 2014 — 1:52 am
What is the gluten ingredient that you found in Gochujang?
MAS
Feb 8, 2014 — 8:19 am
@Johanna – Wheat
David
May 5, 2014 — 8:18 am
Thanks for posting, man. I heard about this stuff on a TV show about Korean culture and wanted to try it, but I was dismayed about the horrible ingredients in the Gochujang I found at Whole Foods, corn syrup, wheat, soy sauce ugh! I am going to pick up these ingredients and give this a try today.
Rahul Khurana
May 6, 2014 — 2:00 pm
My girlfriend is a very sensitive Celiac’s. How can we find gluten free Korean chili powder? Even if there is only 1 ingredient, we are concerned about the risk of cross contamination. Any ideas anyone? Thanks.
MAS
May 6, 2014 — 2:11 pm
@Rahul – The powder is just hot peppers and salt.
Rahul Khurana
May 6, 2014 — 2:15 pm
In addition, I just found this site which states the supposed gluten free chili paste by Chung Jung One may have wheat in it: (HMart took down link)
Amazon also says the same thing: http://www.amazon.com/Taeyangcho-Chili-Paste-Gold-Chung-Jung-One/dp/B004JHI0WK
MAS
May 6, 2014 — 2:20 pm
@Rahul – That isn’t the GF one. Look for one made with sprouted brown rice.
Rahul Khurana
May 6, 2014 — 2:22 pm
Thanks for the quick response, MAS. Again, I know those are the only ingredients, but how can we be sure there is no cross contamination. I know, for example, that most of my relatives in the states who were born in India don’t trust many indian companies to not have cross-contamination. My girlfriend who’s had Celiac for years (I’m new to this) has explored various spice companies and notes that some are safe and gluten free while others are not. It’s even been hard for us to find other things like canned garbanzos that are safe.
MAS
May 6, 2014 — 2:28 pm
@Rahul – Another option if you don’t trust the Korean labeling is to dry the hot peppers yourself.
http://www.wikihow.com/Make-Homemade-Crushed-Red-Pepper-Flakes
A food dehydrator might work as well.
Rahul Khurana
May 6, 2014 — 2:32 pm
I know. I have cooked in the paste with several types of whole dried peppers (ancho & chipotle, e.g.). She’s really concerned about even buying such peppers without assurance of proper packaging & cross-contamination….what a tough life…
MAS
Feb 15, 2015 — 5:07 pm
@All – Closing comments on this post. It is being attacked by a SPAMMER. The SPAM comments have been removed.